Analyzing how writers and speakers use vocabulary and other language resources for specific purposes (to explain, persuade, entertain, etc.) depending on modality, text type, purpose, audience, topic, and content area.

Explain how phrasing or different common words with similar meaning (e.g., choosing to use the word polite versus good) produce different effects on the audience.

Explain how phrasing, different words with similar meaning (e.g., describing a character as diplomatic versus respectful) or figurative language (e.g., The wind blew through the valley like a furnace) produce shades of meaning and different effects on the audience.

Explain how phrasing, different words with similar meaning (e.g., refined-respectful-polite-diplomatic), or figurative language (e.g., The wind whispered through the night) produce shades of meaning, nuances, and different effects on the audience.